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Cultivo y biopsia de tejido gástrico

Cultivo de tejido g...Cultivo de tejido gástrico
Esofagogastroduoden...Esofagogastroduodenoscopia (EGD)

Imagen anterior Agrandar Cerrar Próxima imagen

Cultivo - tejido gástrico; Cultivo - tejido estomacal; Biopsia - tejido gástrico; Biopsia - tejido estomacal; Esofagogastroduodenoscopia - biopsia del tejido gástrico; EGD - biopsia del tejido gástrico

Definición

La biopsia de tejido gástrico es la extracción de tejido del estómago para su análisis. Un cultivo es un examen de laboratorio en el que se analiza la muestra de tejido en búsqueda de bacterias y otros microrganismos que puedan causar enfermedad.

Forma en que se realiza el examen

La muestra de tejido se extrae durante un procedimiento llamado endoscopia de vías digestivas altas o esofagogastroduodenoscopia (EGD). Se hace con un tubo flexible con una pequeña cámara (endoscopio flexible) en el extremo. El dispositivo se introduce por la garganta hasta el estómago.

Su proveedor de atención médica envía la muestra de tejido a un laboratorio donde la examinan en busca de signos de cáncer, ciertas infecciones u otros problemas.

Preparación para el examen

Siga las instrucciones sobre cómo prepararse para el procedimiento. Probablemente le pedirán que no coma ni beba nada durante 6 a 12 horas antes del procedimiento.

Lo que se siente durante el examen

Su proveedor le dirá qué debe esperar durante el procedimiento.

Razones por las que se realiza el examen

Este examen se puede hacer para diagnosticar una úlcera gástrica o la causa de otros síntomas estomacales. Estos síntomas pueden incluir:

Inapetencia o pérdida de peso
Náuseas y vómitos
Dolor en la parte superior del abdomen
Heces de color negro
Vómitos de sangre o un material similar al cuncho de café

Una biopsia y cultivo de tejido gástrico pueden ayudar a detectar:

Cáncer
Infecciones, con mayor frecuencia Helicobacter pylori, la bacteria que puede causar úlceras gástricas o intestinales

Resultados normales

Una biopsia de tejido gástrico es normal si no muestra cáncer, otros daños al revestimiento del estómago o signos de microrganismos que causen infección.

Un cultivo de tejido gástrico puede considerarse normal si no muestra ciertas bacterias. Los ácidos del estómago normalmente impiden la proliferación de demasiadas bacterias.

Significado de los resultados anormales

Los resultados anormales pueden deberse a:

Cáncer de estómago (gástrico)
Gastritis, cuando el revestimiento del estómago resulta inflamado o hinchado
Infección por Helicobacter pylori

Riesgos

Su proveedor discutirá con usted los riesgos del procedimiento de endoscopia de vías digestivas altas.

Referencias

Feldman M, Jensen PJ, Howden CW. Gastritis and gastropathy. In: Feldman M, Friedman LS, Brandt LJ, eds. Sleisenger & Fordtran's Gastrointestinal and Liver Disease. 11th ed. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2021:chap 52.

Sugumar A, Vargo JJ. Preparation for and complications of GI endoscopy. In: Feldman M, Friedman LS, Brandt LJ, eds. Sleisenger & Fordtran's Gastrointestinal and Liver Disease. 11th ed. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2021:chap 42.

Programe una cita

Actualizado : 10/13/2023

Versión en inglés revisada por : Linda J. Vorvick, MD, Clinical Professor, Department of Family Medicine, UW Medicine, School of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA. Also reviewed by David C. Dugdale, MD, Medical Director, Brenda Conaway, Editorial Director, and the A.D.A.M. Editorial team.

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