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Examen de anticuerpo fluorescente directo en esputo (AFD)

Prueba de inmunofluorescencia directa; Anticuerpos fluorescentes directos en esputo; AFD

Definición

El anticuerpo fluorescente directo en esputo (AFD) es un examen de laboratorio que busca microorganismos en las secreciones pulmonares.

Forma en que se realiza el examen

Usted producirá una muestra de esputo de sus pulmones tosiendo moco desde lo profundo de sus pulmones. (Este moco no es lo mismo que saliva o escupitajo de la boca).

La muestra se envía a el laboratorio. Ahí, un tinte fluorescente se agrega a la muestra. Si los microorganismos están presentes, un resplandor brillante (fluorescencia) se puede observar en la muestra de esputo al utilizar un microscopio especial.

Preparación para el examen

Si no se obtiene una muestra de esputo por medio de la expectoración, se puede administrar un tratamiento respiratorio antes del examen para desencadenar la producción de dicho esputo.

Lo que se siente durante el examen

No se presenta ninguna molestia con este examen.

Razones por las que se realiza el examen

Su proveedor de atención médica puede ordenar este examen si usted presenta signos de ciertas infecciones pulmonares.

Resultados normales

Normalmente no hay fluorescencia.

Significado de los resultados anormales

Los resultados anormales pueden deberse a una infección, como:

Enfermedad del legionario
Neumonía debida a cierta bacteria, virus, hongos, u otros microorganismos

Riesgos

No se presentan riesgos con este examen.

Referencias

Banaei N, Deresinski SC, Pinsky BA. Microbiologic diagnosis of lung infection. In: Broaddus VC, Ernst JD, King TE, et al, eds. Murray and Nadel's Textbook of Respiratory Medicine. 7th ed. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2022:chap 19.

Patel R. The clinician and the microbiology laboratory: test ordering, specimen collection, and result interpretation. In: Bennett JE, Dolin R, Blaser MJ, eds. Mandell, Douglas, and Bennett's Principles and Practice of Infectious Diseases. 9th ed. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2020:chap 16.

Programe una cita

Actualizado : 6/17/2024

Versión en inglés revisada por : Todd Gersten, MD, Hematology/Oncology, Florida Cancer Specialists & Research Institute, Wellington, FL. Review provided by VeriMed Healthcare Network. Also reviewed by David C. Dugdale, MD, Medical Director, Brenda Conaway, Editorial Director, and the A.D.A.M. Editorial team.

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