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Hinchazón facial

Definición

Es la acumulación de líquido en los tejidos de la cara. La hinchazón también puede afectar el cuello y la parte superior de los brazos.

Consideraciones

Si la hinchazón facial es leve, puede ser difícil de detectar. Déjele saber al proveedor de atención médica lo siguiente:

• Si hay dolor y dónde duele
• Cuánto ha durado la hinchazón
• Lo que la mejora o la empeora
• Si tiene otros síntomas

Causas

Las causas de la hinchazón facial pueden incluir:

• Reacción alérgica (rinitis alérgica, fiebre del heno, o una picadura de abeja)
• Angioedema
• Reacción a una transfusión sanguínea
• Celulitis
• Conjuntivitis (inflamación del ojo)
• Reacciones a medicamentos, incluso debidas al ácido acetilsalicílico (aspirin), penicilina, sulfamidas, glucocorticoides y otros
• Cirugía de la cabeza, la nariz, o la mandíbula
• Lesión o traumatismo facial (como una quemadura)
• Desnutrición (cuando es grave)
• Obesidad
• Trastornos de las glándulas salivales
• Sinusitis
• Orzuelo con hinchazón alrededor del ojo infectado
• Absceso dental

Cuidados en el hogar

Aplique compresas frías para reducir la hinchazón causada por una lesión. Levante la cabecera de la cama (o use más almohadas) para ayudar a reducir la hinchazón facial.

Cuándo contactar a un profesional médico

Contacte a su proveedor si presenta:

• Hinchazón facial intensa, dolorosa, o repentina
• Hinchazón facial que dura un tiempo, sobre todo si está empeorando con el tiempo
• Dificultad para respirar
• Fiebre, sensibilidad o enrojecimiento, lo cual sugiere la presencia de una infección

Lo que se puede esperar en el consultorio médico

Se necesita tratamiento de emergencia si la hinchazón facial es producida por quemaduras o si usted tiene problemas respiratorios.

El proveedor le hará preguntas respecto a la historia clínica y personal. Esto ayuda a determinar el tratamiento o si se necesitan algunos exámenes médicos. Las preguntas pueden incluir:

• ¿Cuánto tiempo ha durado la hinchazón facial?
• ¿Cuándo comenzó?
• ¿Qué la empeora?
• ¿Qué la mejora?
• ¿Ha tenido contacto con algo a lo que podría ser alérgico?
• ¿Qué medicamentos está tomando?
• ¿Ha tenido alguna lesión facial reciente?
• ¿Ha tenido alguna prueba médica o cirugía reciente?
• ¿Qué otros síntomas tiene? Por ejemplo, dolor facial, estornudos, dificultad respiratoria, ronchas o erupción cutánea, enrojecimiento de los ojos, fiebre.

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