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Intolerancia al frío

Sensibilidad al frío; Intolerancia a las bajas temperaturas

Definición

Es una sensibilidad anormal a un ambiente frío o a las temperaturas frías.

Consideraciones

La intolerancia al frío puede ser un síntoma de un problema del metabolismo.

Algunas personas (con frecuencia mujeres mayores y delgadas) no toleran los ambientes fríos, porque tienen muy poca grasa corporal y son incapaces de mantenerse calientes.

Causas

Algunas causas de intolerancia al frío pueden ser:

Anemia
Anorexia nerviosa
Problemas de los vasos sanguíneos, como el fenómeno de Raynaud
Enfermedad grave y crónica
Mala salud general
Problemas con el hipotálamo (una parte del cerebro que controla la temperatura corporal)
Tiroides hipoactiva (Hipotiroidismo)

Cuidados en el hogar

Siga la terapia recomendada para tratar la causa del problema.

Cuándo contactar a un profesional médico

Contacte a su proveedor de atención médica si presenta intolerancia al frío prolongada o extrema.

Lo que se puede esperar en el consultorio médico

Su proveedor tomará la historia clínica y llevará a cabo un examen físico.

Las preguntas de su proveedor pueden incluir los siguientes temas.

Patrón de tiempo:

¿Ha sido intolerante al frío siempre?
¿Se ha desarrollado esto recientemente?
¿Ha estado empeorando?
¿Con frecuencia siente frío cuando otras personas no se quejan de lo mismo?

Historia clínica:

¿Cómo es su dieta?
¿Cómo es su estado general de salud?
¿Cuál es su estatura y peso?
¿Qué otros síntomas tiene?

Los exámenes que se pueden realizar son:

Hemograma o conteo sanguíneo completo (CSC)
Hormona estimulante de la tiroides en suero
Niveles de hormonas tiroideas (T3, T4)

Si el médico le diagnostica intolerancia al frío, es posible que usted desee incluir dicho diagnóstico en su registro médico personal.

Referencias

Akamizu T, Jonklass J. Hypothyroidism and thyroiditis. In: Medmed S, Auchus RJ, Goldfine AB, Rosen, CJ, Kopp PA, eds. Williams Textbook of Endocrinology. 15th ed. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier: 2025:chap 11.

Pearce EN, Hollenberg AN. Thyroid. In: Goldman L, Cooney KA, eds. Goldman-Cecil Medicine. 27th ed. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2024:chap 207.

Sawka MN, O'Connor FG. Disorders due to heat and cold. In: Goldman L, Cooney KA, eds. Goldman-Cecil Medicine. 27th ed. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2024:chap 95.

Programe una cita

Actualizado : 3/11/2024

Versión en inglés revisada por : Frank D. Brodkey, MD, FCCM, Associate Professor, Section of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, WI. Also reviewed by David C. Dugdale, MD, Medical Director, Brenda Conaway, Editorial Director, and the A.D.A.M. Editorial team. Editorial update 08/09/2024.

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