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Hiperesplenismo

BazoBazo

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Definición

El hiperesplenismo es un bazo hiperactivo. El bazo es un órgano que se encuentra en el lado superior izquierdo del abdomen. EL bazo ayuda a filtrar las células dañadas del flujo sanguíneo. Si su bazo es demasiado activo, y ayuda a filtrar células viejas y dañadas del torrente sanguíneo. Si su bazo es hiperactivo, elimina células sanguíneas demasiado temprano y con mucha rapidez. Un bazo hiperactivo con frecuencia, pero no siempre, se agranda (esplenomegalia)

El bazo juega un papel importante al ayudar a su cuerpo a combatir infecciones. Los problemas con el bazo pueden hacerlo más propenso a presentar infecciones.

Causas

Las causas comunes del hiperesplenismo incluyen:

Cirrosis (enfermedad hepática avanzada)
Linfoma
Malaria
Tuberculosis
Diversas enfermedades inflamatorias y del tejido conectivo

Síntomas

Los síntomas incluyen:

Esplenomegalia
Nivel bajo de uno o más tipos de células sanguíneas
Sensación prematura de llenura después de comer
Dolor de estómago en el lado izquierdo

Referencias

Arber DA. Spleen. In: Goldblum JR, Lamps LW, McKenney JK, Myers JL, eds. Rosai and Ackerman's Surgical Pathology. 11th ed. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2018:chap 38.

Ollila TA, Zayac AS, Schiffman FJ. The spleen and its disorders. In: Hoffman R, Benz EJ, Silberstein LE, et al, eds. Hematology: Basic Principles and Practice. 8th ed. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2023:chap 156.

Programe una cita

Actualizado : 4/24/2023

Versión en inglés revisada por : Anna C. Edens Hurst, MD, MS, Associate Professor in Medical Genetics, The University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL. Review provided by VeriMed Healthcare Network. Also reviewed by David C. Dugdale, MD, Medical Director, Brenda Conaway, Editorial Director, and the A.D.A.M. Editorial team.

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