Sitio inteligente para el embarazo^TM

Eliptocitosis hereditaria

Glóbulos rojos - el...Glóbulos rojos - eliptocitosis
Células sanguíneasCélulas sanguíneas

Imagen anterior Agrandar Cerrar Próxima imagen

Eliptocitosis de tipo hereditario

Definición

La eliptocitosis hereditaria es un trastorno que se transmite de padres a hijos, en el cual los glóbulos rojos sanguíneos tienen una forma anormal. Es similar a otros trastornos de la sangre como la esferocitosis hereditaria y la ovalocitosis hereditaria.

Causas

La eliptocitosis afecta aproximadamente a 1 de cada 2,500 personas de origen europeo del norte. Es más común en personas de ascendencia africana y mediterránea. Usted es más propenso a presentar esta enfermedad si alguien en la familia la ha padecido.

Síntomas

Los síntomas pueden incluir:

Fatiga.
Dificultad para respirar.
Piel y ojos amarillos (ictericia). Esto puede continuar por un largo período en un recién nacido

Pruebas y exámenes

Un examen físico realizado por el proveedor de atención médica puede mostrar agrandamiento del bazo.

Los siguientes exámenes pueden ayudar a diagnosticar la afección:

El nivel de bilirrubina puede estar alto.
Un frotis de sangre puede mostrar glóbulos rojos elípticos.
Un conteo sanguíneo completo (CSC) puede mostrar anemia o signos de destrucción de los glóbulos rojos.
El nivel de deshidrogenasa láctica puede estar alto.
Un examen imagenológico de la vesícula biliar puede mostrar cálculos biliares.

Tratamiento

No existe tratamiento necesario para este trastorno, a menos que se presente anemia grave o síntomas de anemia. La cirugía para extirpar el bazo puede disminuir la tasa de daño a los glóbulos rojos.

Expectativas (pronóstico)

La mayoría de las personas que tienen eliptocitosis hereditaria no presentan problemas. Generalmente no saben que padecen este trastorno.

Posibles complicaciones

La eliptocitosis generalmente es inofensiva. En los casos leves, menos del 15% de los glóbulos rojos son de forma elíptica. Sin embargo, algunas personas pueden tener crisis en las cuales los glóbulos rojos se rompen. Esto ocurre especialmente si tienen una infección viral. Las personas con esta enfermedad pueden padecer anemia, ictericia y cálculos biliares.

Cuándo contactar a un profesional médico

Contacte a su proveedor si presenta ictericia que no desaparece o síntomas de anemia o cálculos biliares.

Prevención

La asesoría genética puede ser apropiada para personas con antecedentes familiares de esta enfermedad que deseen convertirse en padres.

Referencias

Gallagher PG. Hemolytic anemias: red blood cell membrane and metabolic defects. In: Goldman L, Cooney KA, eds. Goldman-Cecil Medicine. 27th ed. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2024:chap 147.

Gallagher PG. Red blood cell membrane disorders. In: Hoffman R, Benz EJ, Silberstein LE, et al, eds. Hematology: Basic Principles and Practice. 8th ed. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2023:chap 46.

Prozora S, Gallagher PG. Hereditary elliptocytosis, hereditary pyropoikilocytosis, and related disorders. In: Kliegman RM, St. Geme JW, Blum NJ, et al, eds. Nelson Textbook of Pediatrics. 22nd ed. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2025:chap 508.

Programe una cita

Actualizado : 3/31/2024

Versión en inglés revisada por : Todd Gersten, MD, Hematology/Oncology, Florida Cancer Specialists & Research Institute, Wellington, FL. Review provided by VeriMed Healthcare Network. Also reviewed by David C. Dugdale, MD, Medical Director, Brenda Conaway, Editorial Director, and the A.D.A.M. Editorial team.

Ver referencias

National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute (NIH). Activity Calories Burned per Hour.

American Cancer Society. Controlling Portion Sizes. Updated November 16, 2009. Accessed November 10, 2010.

American Heart Association. Quick-Weight-Loss or Fad Diets. Updated May 20, 2010. Accessed November 12, 2010.

American College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists. ACOG practice bulletin no. 105: bariatric surgery and pregnancy. Obstet Gynecol. 2009;113:1405-1413.

American Heart Association. Diet and Lifestyle Recommendations. Updated May 21, 2010. Accessed November 12, 2010.

American Heart Association Nutrition Committee, Lichtenstein AH, Appel LJ, Brands M, et al. Diet and lifestyle recommendations revision 2006: a scientific statement from the American Heart Association Nutrition Committee. Circulation. 2006;114:82-96.

The American Society for Metabolic and Bariatric Surgery Clinical Issues Committee. ASMBS Position Statement on Prophylactic Measures to Reduce the Risk of Venous Thromboembolism in Bariatric Surgery Patients.

Batsis JA, Lopez-Jimenez F, Collazo-Clavell ML, Clark MM, Somers VK, Sarr MG. Quality of life after bariatric surgery: a population-based cohort study. Am J Med. 2009;122:1055.e1-1055.e10.

Livingston EH. Bariatric surgery outcomes at designated centers of excellence vs nondesignated programs. Arch Surg. 2009;144:319-325.

Blackburn GL, Hutter MM, Harvey AM, et al. Expert panel on weight loss surgery: executive report update. Obesity (Silver Spring). 2009;17:842-862.

Buchwald H, Estok R, Fahrbach K, Banel D, Sledge I. Trends in mortality in bariatric surgery: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Surgery. 2007;142:621-632.

Virji A, Murr MM. Caring for patients after bariatric surgery. Am Fam Physician. 2006;73:1403-1408.

Centers For Disease Control and Prevention. Overweight and Obesity: Defining Overweight and Obesity. Updated June 21, 2010. Accessed November 12, 2010.

Centers For Disease Control and Prevention. Overweight and Obesity: Causes and Consequences. Updated December 7, 2009. Accessed November 12, 2010.

Centers For Disease Control and Prevention. Overweight and Obesity: Childhood Overweight and Obesity. Updated March 31, 2010. Accessed November 12, 2010.

Centers For Disease Control and Prevention. Healthy Weight: Healthy Eating for a Healthy Weight: Rethink Your Drink. Updated June 5, 2009. Accessed November 12, 2010.

Centers For Disease Control and Prevention. Healthy Weight: Healthy Eating for a Healthy Weight: Cutting Calories. Updated January 27, 2009. Accessed November 12, 2010.

Clinical Issues Committee of the American Society for Metabolic and Bariatric Surgery. Updated position statement on sleeve gastrectomy as a bariatric procedure. Surg Obes Relat Dis. 2010;6:1-5.

Fonder MA, Lazarus GS, Cowan DA, Aronson-Cook B, Kohli AR, Mamelak AJ. Treating the chronic wound: A practical approach to the care of nonhealing wounds and wound care dressings. J Am Acad Dermatol. 2008;58:185-206.

Dale KS, McAuley KA, Taylor RW, et al. Determining optimal approaches for weight maintenance: a randomized controlled trial. CMAJ. 2009;180:E39-E46.

Flegal KM, Carroll MD, Ogden CL, Curtin LR. Prevalence and trends in obesity among US adults, 1999-2008. JAMA. 2010;303:235-241.

Garb J, Welch G, Zagarins S, Kuhn J, Romanelli J. Bariatric surgery for the treatment of morbid obesity: a meta-analysis of weight loss outcomes for laparoscopic adjustable gastric banding and laparoscopic gastric bypass. Obes Surg. 2009;19:1447-1455.

Greenburg DL, Lettieri CJ, Eliasson AH. Effects of surgical weight loss on measures of obstructive sleep apnea: a meta-analysis. Am J Med. 2009;122:535-542.

Gowers SG. Management of eating disorders in children and adolescents. Arch Dis Child. 2008;93:331-334.

Leslie D, Kellogg TA, Ikramuddin S. Bariatric surgery primer for the internist: keys to the surgical consultation. Med Clin North Am. 2007;91:353-381.

Livhits M, Mercado C, Yermilov I, et al. Does weight loss immediately before bariatric surgery improve outcomes: a systematic review. Surg Obes Relat Dis. 2009;5:713-721.

Longitudinal Assessment of Bariatric Surgery (LABS) Consortium, Flum DR, Belle SH, King WC, et al. Perioperative safety in the longitudinal assessment of bariatric surgery. N Engl J Med. 2009;361:445-454.

Mechanick JI, Kushner RF, Sugerman HJ, et al; American Association of Clinical Endocrinologists; Obesity Society; American Society for Metabolic & Bariatric Surgery. American Association of Clinical Endocrinologists, The Obesity Society, and American Society for Metabolic & Bariatric Surgery medical guidelines for clinical practice for the perioperative nutritional, metabolic, and nonsurgical support of the bariatric surgery patient. Obesity (Silver Spring). 2009;17:S1-S70,

White MA, Masheb RM, Rothschild BS, Burke-Martindale CH, Grilo CM. Do patients' unrealistic weight goals have prognostic significance for bariatric surgery? Obes Surg. 2007;17:74-81.

O'Brien PE, Sawyer SM, Laurie C, et al. Laparoscopic adjustable gastric banding in severely obese adolescents: a randomized trial. JAMA. 2010;303:519-526.

Picot J, Jones J, Colquitt JL, et al. The clinical effectiveness and cost-effectiveness of bariatric (weight loss) surgery for obesity: a systematic review and economic evaluation. Health Technol Assess. 2009;13(41):1-190, 215-357, iii-iv.

Seagle HM, Strain GW, Makris A, Reeves RS, American Dietetic Association. Position of the American Dietetic Association: weight management. J Am Diet Assoc. 2009;109:330-346.

Powers KA, Rehrig ST, Jones DB. Financial impact of obesity and bariatric surgery. Med Clin North Am. 2007;91:321-338.

Pratt JS, Lenders CM, Dionne EA, et al. Best practice updates for pediatric/adolescent weight loss surgery. Obesity (Silver Spring). 2009;17:901-910.

Center for Nutrition Policy and Promotion. U.S. Department of Agriculture. Report of the Dietary Guidelines Advisory Committee on the Dietary Guidelines for Americans, 2010. Updated July 13, 2010. Accessed November 12, 2010.

Sacks FM, Bray GA, Carey VJ, et al. Comparison of weight-loss diets with different compositions of fat, protein, and carbohydrates. N Engl J Med. 2009;360:859-873.

Solomon H, Liu GY, Alami R, Morton J, Curet MJ. Benefits to patients choosing preoperative weight loss in gastric bypass surgery: new results of a randomized trial. J Am Coll Surg. 2009;208:241-245.

Søvik TT, Taha O, Aasheim ET, et al. Randomized clinical trial of laparoscopic gastric bypass versus laparoscopic duodenal switch for superobesity. Br J Surg. 2010;97:160-166.

LeMont D, Moorhead MK, Parish MS, Reto CS, Ritz SJ. Suggestions for the Pre-Surgical Psychological Assessment of Bariatric Surgery Candidates. Accessed November 12, 2010.

Tarnoff M, Kaplan LM, Shikora S. An evidenced-based assessment of preoperative weight loss in bariatric surgery. Obes Surg. 2008;18:1059-1061.

Centers For Disease Control and Prevention. Healthy Weight: Tips for Parents: Ideas to Help Children Maintain a Healthy Weight. Updated May 19, 2009. Accessed November 12, 2010.

Townsend CM Jr, Beauchamp RD, Evers BM, Mattox KL. Sabiston Textbook of Surgery. 18th ed. Philadelphia, Pa: Saunders; 2008.

Treadwell JR, Sun F, Schoelles K. Systematic review and meta-analysis of bariatric surgery for pediatric obesity. Ann Surg. 2008;248:763-776.

Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality. U.S. Department of Health and Human Services. Your Guide to Choosing Quality Health Care. Accessed November 12, 2010.

La información aquí contenida no debe utilizarse durante ninguna emergencia médica, ni para el diagnóstico o tratamiento de alguna condición médica. Debe consultarse a un médico con licencia para el diagnóstico y tratamiento de todas y cada una de las condiciones médicas. Los enlaces a otros sitios se proporcionan sólo con fines de información, no significa que se les apruebe. No se otorga garantía de ninguna clase, ya sea expresa o implícita, en cuanto a la precisión, confiabilidad, actualidad o exactitud de ninguna de las traducciones hechas por un proveedor de servicios externo de la información aquí contenida en otro idioma. © 1997- A.D.A.M., unidad de negocios de Ebix, Inc. La reproducción o distribución parcial o total de la información aquí contenida está terminantemente prohibida.

Sitio inteligente para el embarazoTM