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Absceso pancreático

Definición

Es un área llena de pus dentro del páncreas.

Causas

Los abscesos pancreáticos se forman en pacientes que tienen: 

• Seudoquistes pancreáticos
• Pancreatitis severa que se infecta

Síntomas

Los síntomas incluyen:

• Masa abdominal
• Dolor abdominal
• Escalofríos
• Fiebre
• Incapacidad para comer
• Náuseas y vómitos

Pruebas y exámenes

La mayoría de las personas con abscesos pancreáticos han tenido pancreatitis. Sin embargo, la complicación a menudo tarda 7 o más días en presentarse.

Los signos de un absceso se pueden observar en:

• Tomografía computarizada del abdomen
• Resonancia magnética del abdomen
• Ultrasonido del abdomen

Los análisis de sangre mostrarán un elevado conteo de glóbulos bancos. Un hemocultivo puede desarrollar bacterias.

Tratamiento

Es posible drenar el absceso a través de la piel (percutáneo). El drenaje del absceso se puede hacer a través de un endoscopio, mediante ultrasonido endoscópico (USE) en algunos casos. Con frecuencia, se necesita cirugía para drenar el absceso y retirar el tejido muerto.

Expectativas (pronóstico)

El pronóstico de una persona depende de la gravedad de la infección. La tasa de mortalidad de los abscesos pancreáticos que no se han drenado es muy alta.

Posibles complicaciones

Las complicaciones pueden incluir:

• Abscesos múltiples
• Sepsis

Cuándo contactar a un profesional médico

Consulte con su proveedor de atención médica si presenta:

• Dolor abdominal con fiebre
• Otros signos de absceso pancreático, especialmente si ha tenido recientemente un seudoquiste pancreático o pancreatitis.

Prevención

El drenaje de un seudoquiste pancreático puede ayudar a prevenir algunos casos de absceso pancreático; sin embargo, en muchos casos, el trastorno no se puede prevenir.

Referencias

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